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¹ University of Ibadan, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria
² National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Genetic Resources, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria
³ Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga-751002, Odisha, India DOI : 10.4194/AQUAST2843 Viewed : 289 - Downloaded : 246 Dichlorvos, an organophosphate compound commonly used as pesticide, contains xenobiotics capable of damaging aquatic ecosystems. However, there is inadequate information on its effects in aquatic vertebrates such as Heterobranchus bidorsalis. This study investigated its 96h LC50 toxicity, alterations in immunological, oxidative parameters and cytogenotoxicity in H. bidorsalis. Juvenile H. bidorsalis (n=250) were exposed to 0.00, 1.0, 2.2, 4.8 and 10 mg/l of Dichlorvos and later to sub-lethal concentrations corresponding to 1/40, 1/20 and 1/10 of the 96-h LC50 (1.16 mg/l) for 21 days. Exposure induced concentration and time-dependent suppression of immune functions in H. bidorsalis. Total immunoglobulin and serum lysozyme levels dropped significantly at 0.12 mg l-1 (0.004 g dl-1 and 0.002 g dl-1, respectively). Oxidative stress increased significantly, with lipid peroxidation rising from 0.001 to 0.011 umol mg-1 protein (P<0.05). Frequencies of MN elicited 2.2 folds increase at the highest exposure level compared to the negative control in dose and time dependent pattern (P<0.05) after 21 days. Similarly, enucleated, bi-nucleated and budded nuclei erythrocytes significantly (P<0.05) increased in 2.78, 23.6 and 10.4 folds, respectively. Results indicate that Dichlorvos weakens immune defense, disrupts oxidative balance, and induces cellular damage in fish. Keywords : Xenobiotics Micronuclei Oxidative Stress Fish Erythrocyte